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Jim Andrews even talks of “langwidgets” – language as a thing, as an object in the full sense of the word. Behavior can be inscribed into letters, and letters are put on the scene like actors.

Operative, effective program codes, as John Cayley points out, “instantiate a genuinely ‘performative’ textuality, a textuality which ‘does’ something, which alters the behaviour of a system.” This brings up the issue of time: speed and duration of reception can now be programmed, temporal structures can be inscribed into the work and the reception process can thus be carefully staged-managed in advance.